Farming once employed 60% of French and Italian workers; now under 4%
Original title: In the past, most people worked in agriculture; in today's rich countries, only a small share do · Our World in Data · 30 Jul 2026

Chart: Our World in Data, CC BY 4.0
So what
The move out of agriculture is the single largest reallocation of labour in history, and the main engine of productivity growth. China took 34 years to cut its farm share from 60% to 22%, a shift that took France well over a century. A fifth of China's workforce still on farms is both a remaining productivity reserve and a pointer to future urban demand.
| Label | Value | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| France | 73 | % of employment | 1500 |
| France | 59.2 | % of employment | 1800 |
| France | 2.33 | % of employment | 2025 |
| Italy | 63.4 | % of employment | 1300 |
| Italy | 57.8 | % of employment | 1800 |
| Italy | 3.35 | % of employment | 2025 |
| United Kingdom | 58.1 | % of employment | 1500 |
| United Kingdom | 31.7 | % of employment | 1800 |
| United Kingdom | 0.85 | % of employment | 2025 |
| Netherlands | 56.8 | % of employment | 1500 |
| Netherlands | 40.7 | % of employment | 1800 |
| Netherlands | 1.7 | % of employment | 2025 |
| China | 59.64 | % of employment | 1991 |
| China | 21.68 | % of employment | 2025 |

